Sensory Processing Disorder: A Parent's Guide
Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) affects how the nervous system receives and responds to sensory information. For children with SPD, everyday sensations can be overwhelming, uncomfortable, or even painful. Understanding these challenges is the first step toward helping your child thrive.
What Is Sensory Processing?
Sensory processing is how our brain receives, organizes, and responds to information from our senses:
- Touch (tactile)
- Sound (auditory)
- Sight (visual)
- Taste (gustatory)
- Smell (olfactory)
- Movement (vestibular)
- Body position (proprioceptive)
Common Signs of Sensory Processing Challenges
Children may experience sensory challenges in different ways:
Over-Responsive (Hypersensitive)
- Easily overwhelmed by sounds, lights, or textures
- Avoids certain foods, clothing, or activities
- Strong reactions to unexpected touches or movements
- Difficulty in busy or noisy environments
Under-Responsive (Hyposensitive)
- Seeks intense sensory experiences
- May not notice pain, temperature, or other sensations
- High tolerance for spinning, jumping, or rough play
- May appear clumsy or unaware of body position
Sensory Seeking
- Constantly touching objects or people
- Needs to move constantly
- Enjoys loud sounds or bright lights
- Difficulty sitting still
How Occupational Therapy Can Help
Occupational therapists specializing in sensory integration can:
- Assess your child’s unique sensory profile
- Create a sensory diet with activities tailored to your child’s needs
- Provide strategies for home and school
- Support your child in developing coping skills
Strategies for Home
For Over-Responsive Children
- Create quiet spaces for retreat
- Use noise-canceling headphones
- Provide advance notice of transitions
- Offer choices in clothing and activities
For Under-Responsive Children
- Provide opportunities for movement and heavy work
- Use visual schedules and timers
- Engage in activities that provide deep pressure
- Encourage activities that involve multiple senses
When to Seek Help
Consider consulting an occupational therapist if:
- Sensory challenges significantly impact daily life
- Your child avoids activities other children enjoy
- Behavioral challenges seem related to sensory experiences
- Your child’s sensory needs are affecting learning or social interactions
Remember
Every child is unique, and sensory processing challenges can look different for each individual. With understanding, support, and appropriate intervention, children with sensory processing differences can learn to navigate their world successfully.
If you suspect your child may have sensory processing challenges, reach out to a qualified occupational therapist for an evaluation. Early support can make a significant difference in your child’s comfort and confidence.